What is the structure of a DNA nucleotide?
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What 3 structures make up a DNA nucleotide?
DNA and RNA are made up of monomers known as nucleotides. The nucleotides combine with each other to form a polynucleotide, DNA or RNA. Each nucleotide is made up of three components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, and a phosphate group (Figure 1).
What is the structure of DNA What is it made up of?
nucleotides
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks are made of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases. To form a strand of DNA, nucleotides are linked into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups alternating.
What is the overall structure of DNA?
The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases–adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What is the structure of DNA and its function?
DNA is the information molecule. It stores instructions for making other large molecules, called proteins. These instructions are stored inside each of your cells, distributed among 46 long structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are made up of thousands of shorter segments of DNA, called genes.
How many nucleotides are in DNA?
four nucleotides
DNA molecules are composed of four nucleotides, and these nucleotides are linked together much like the words in a sentence. Together, all of the DNA “sentences” within a cell contain the instructions for building the proteins and other molecules that the cell needs to carry out its daily work.
What 4 bases make up DNA molecules?
Figure 2: The four nitrogenous bases that compose DNA nucleotides are shown in bright colors: adenine (A, green), thymine (T, red), cytosine (C, orange), and guanine (G, blue).
What are the basic structures that make up a nucleotide quizlet?
Nucleotides each have three parts: phosphate, sugar molecule, and one of four bases.
What is DNA structure and function?
What is the structure of DNA and RNA?
Summary: Features of DNA and RNA
| DNA | RNA | |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Repository of genetic information | Involved in protein synthesis and gene regulation; carrier of genetic information in some viruses |
| Sugar | Deoxyribose | Ribose |
| Structure | Double helix | Usually single-stranded |
| Bases | C, T, A, G | C, U, A, G |
How many nucleotides are there in DNA?
DNA molecules are composed of four nucleotides, and these nucleotides are linked together much like the words in a sentence.
How many strands of nucleotides make up a DNA double helix?
two
The double helix describes the appearance of double-stranded DNA, which is composed of two linear strands that run opposite to each other, or anti-parallel, and twist together. Each DNA strand within the double helix is a long, linear molecule made of smaller units called nucleotides that form a chain.
What chemicals destroy DNA?
Mustard gas is an alkylating agent, meaning its chemicals destroy DNA and cells and liquefy tissue. In essence, mustard gas kills tissue and membranes in the areas it touches. Alkylating agents also are often used in cancer drugs.
What are three chemical compounds make up DNA?
The double helix model of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) consists of two intertwined strands. These strands are made up of nucleotides, which themselves consist of three component parts: a sugar group , a phosphate group , and a base . The sugar and phosphate groups combined form the repeating ‘backbone’ of the DNA strands.
What are the chemical compositions of DNA?
DNA is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides (or simply deoxynucleotides). It is composed of monomeric units namely deoxyadenylate (dAMP), deoxyguanylate (dGMP), deoxycytidylate (dCMP) and deoxythymidylate (dTMP) (It may be noted here that some authors prefer to use TMP for deoxythymidylate, since it is found only in DNA).
What chemicals are in DNA?
DNA is composed of four chemicals: cytosine, guanine, thymine and adenine. Our cells are made up of DNA, which is strung together in chromosomes. We have our parents to thank for these chromosomes — 23 pairs from each.