What is coal petrography?
Coal petrography is a microscopic technique used to determine a coals rank (degree of coalification) and type (amount and type of macerals) on polished specimens of minus 20 mesh prepared coal. Rank is determined by measuring the percent light reflectance of the maceral vitrinite.
What is the importance of coal petrography?
Coal petrography plays an important role in determining size and distribution of macerals and mineral matter within the coal, and thereby improving the information on which plant designs and reserve estimations are based.
What is petrographic composition?
The petrographic composition of coal has a significant impact on the gasification process [3]. Coal is a heterogeneous mixture of organic and mineral matter. The organic matter contains vitrinite, liptinite, and inertinite macerals. Vitrinite has a high oxygen content compared to other maceral groups.
What are the macro component of coal?
There are four types of macro-components in coal: vitrain, clarain, durain, and fussian. These components correspond to anthraxylon, translucent attritus, opaque attritus, and fussain, respectively. In a typical coal seam, 50% of the seam may be clarain, 15–30% durain, 10–15% vitrain, and 1–2% fussain.
What is petrography test?
Petrographic testing is the use of microscopes to examine samples of rock or concrete to determine their mineralogical and chemical characteristics. The samples are examined through a petrological (geological polarising) microscope, using either reflected or transmitted light.
What is petrography analysis?
Petrographic Analysis (ASTM C856) – A microstructural examination by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the paste and aggregate on a prepared sample of concrete to look for features such as degree of cement hydration, microcracking, reaction products, breakdown of aggregate and evidence of poor freeze- …
What is the GCV of coal?
The gradation of non-coking coal is based on Gross Calorific Value (GCV), the gradation of coking coal is based on ash content and for semi coking /weakly coking coal it is based on ash plus moisture content, as in vogue as per notification….Coal Grades.
| GCV BAND (K.Cal./Kg.) | GRADE |
|---|---|
| Exceeding 2200 and not exceeding 2500 | G-17 |
What is proximate analysis of coal?
Proximate analysis is formally defined by a group of ASTM3 test methods and is an assay of the moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content of a coal sample. The moisture content is determined by the mass loss that a coal sample undergoes after it has been heated to 110 °C under a N2 atmosphere.
What is meant by petrography?
Petrography is a branch of petrology that focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks. The detailed analysis of minerals by optical mineralogy in thin section and the micro-texture and structure are critical to understanding the origin of the rock.
Is lignite A coal?
Lignite: Lignite coal, aka brown coal, is the lowest grade coal with the least concentration of carbon. Lignite has a low heating value and a high moisture content and is mainly used in electricity generation.
How do you describe petrography?
Petrography is the study of rocks in thin section by means of a petrographic microscope (i.e., an instrument that employs polarized light that vibrates in a single plane). Petrography is primarily concerned with the systematic classification and precise description of rocks.
What is a petrography answer?
Definition. Petrography. The systematic description of geological materials, their composition, and organization, in hand specimens and thin sections. Petrology. Study of the origin, structure, and composition of rocks.
Is the International Committee for coal and organic Petrology ( ICCP )?
Filled underGeneral Information The International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) is pleased to invite you to participate in the 2020-2021 Accreditation round.
Which is the international standard for petrographic examination of coal?
In addition, the preparation of coal for petrographic (microscopic) examination follows an International Standard, namely ISO 7404-2. It involves crushing the sample to pass a 1 mm sieve and then riffling to obtain a 15 g representative sample, which should be as representative as the samples used for proximate analyses.
What does impressed current cathodic protection ( ICCP ) mean?
Definition – What does Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) mean? Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) is a corrosion protection system consisting of sacrificial anodes connected to an external power source. The external power source, often a DC power supply, provides the current necessary to drive the electrochemical reaction
Which is better ICCP or passive corrosion protection?
While ICCP offers significant benefits over their passive counterparts, they can be more expensive because they require additional equipment during set up. Therefore, asset owners should assess the size and type of structure to be protected to decide if ICCP is the right corrosion protection solution.