Who described Theileria parva?
A background to East Coast fever, a lethal bovine disease present in sub-Saharan Africa. In the early 1900s, Dr. Arnold Theiler recognized that Theileria parva was the causative agent of ECF in South Africa (Theiler, 1912).
How is Theileria parva transmitted?
The disease is transmitted by ticks and is of significant economic importance due to high mortality rates (upto 100%) in the untreated animals. The important parasites infecting cattle are Theileria parva parve (East coast fever), T.p. lawrenci (corridor disease), T.
What is Parva?
The protozoan parasite Theileria parva, transmitted by the ixodid tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, is the cause of East Coast fever (ECF) and the related syndromes of Corridor disease and January disease in cattle of eastern, central and southern Africa.
What is the pathogen for Theileriosis?
Theileriosis caused by the hemoprotozoan pathogen Theileria parva still ranks first among the tick-borne diseases of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa (Minjauw and McLeod, 2003).
What is East Coast Fever?
East Coast fever is a tick-borne protozoal disease affecting cattle in a large part of East and Central Africa. Since the vector occurs over an even wider range there is considerable potential for the disease to spread to countries which are currently disease free.
What is human Parva?
Parvovirus B19 infects only humans. It most commonly causes fifth disease, a mild rash illness that usually affects children. But it can cause different signs and symptoms, depending on your age and overall health.
What does Magna mean in a place name?
big and small
Magna and Parva simply mean big and small in Latin, while the Sheepy part comes from the Anglian words for Sheep, “scep” and island, “eg”. Eg didn’t necessarily mean island in the middle of a lake or ocean, it could also refer to dry land in a marshy area.
What does nether mean in a place name?
adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] Nether means the lower part of a thing or place. [old-fashioned] He was escorted back to the nether regions of Main Street. Synonyms: lower, bottom, beneath, underground More Synonyms of nether.
What are Koch blue bodies in Theileria?
Lymphocytes with large schizonts, commonly known as Koch’s blue bodies, appear a few days after onset of symptoms. Later, lymphocytes infected with microschizonts appear.
Can humans get Theileria?
Human infected/disease lestoquardi have never been reported in humans. Human theileriosis has been diagnosed mainly in USA and is caused by T. microti. Mice are the reservoir of this pathogen, it is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus.
What are signs of anaplasmosis?
Signs and Symptoms
- Fever, chills.
- Severe headache.
- Muscle aches.
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite.
What is the life cycle of Theileria parva?
The life cycle of Theileria includes two intracellular developmental stages, intralymphocytic schizonts and intraerythrocytic piroplasms. Piroplasms can be identified in the RBCs in stained blood smears ( Fig. 16.10) but cannot always be differentiated from other blood parasites such as Babesia spp.
How is Theileria parva related to Babesia?
They are phylogenetically most closely related to members of the Babesia genus and fall in the order Piroplasmida under the phylum Apicomplexa ( Gou et al., 2012, Kuo et al., 2008, Lack et al., 2012, Levine, 1985, Morrison, 2009a, Schnittger et al., 2012 ).
What kind of disease does Theileria spp cause?
There are six identified Theileria spp. that infects cattle; the two most pathogenic and economically important are T. parva and T. annulata. T. parva infestation usually occurs in Eastern and Southern Africa and causes East Coast fever (ECF or corridor disease).
What is the biology of Theileria annulata?
Theileria parva, T. annulata and T. lestoquardi feature prominently among pathogenic species of Theileria that affect domesticated ruminants (reviewed in Norval et al., 1992 ). They share a unique biology of being able to transform a subset of infected mononuclear host cells, which can be cultured in vitro as persistently infected cell lines.