What is D1 and D2 in ballast water management?
The BWM Convention includes two performance standards for the discharge of ballast water: D1 and D2. The D1 standard concerns ballast water exchange, which must be undertaken within open ocean areas, >200nm from land and in seas >200m deep. The D2 standard covers approved ballast water treatment systems.
Is ballast water treatment system mandatory?
When do vessels need to comply with the ballast water discharge standard in accordance with regulation D-2 (treatment)? Answer: Answer: The D-2 standard becomes mandatory for all existing vessels2 at completion of the first IOPP renewal on or after 8 September 2019.
What regulation is ballast water performance standard?
Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard – Ships conducting ballast water management shall discharge less than 10 viable organisms per cubic metre greater than or equal to 50 micrometres in minimum dimension and less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter less than 50 micrometres in minimum dimension and …
What is TRO mean in a ballast water treatment system?
Total Residual Oxidant
TRO (Total Residual Oxidant) is a generic term for these kinds of oxidants. Most of management systems control the treatment and discharge concentrations of them with TRO value, measure TRO value in real time, and based on it, control electric power.
How is ballast water treated?
There are three approaches to treating ballast water; mechanical, physical or chemical. Mechanical methods would include separation and filtration; physical methods include ozone, electrical currents, or UV radiation, while chemical solutions are biocides or a form of chlorination.
What is ballasting and deballasting?
Ballasting or de-ballasting is a process by which sea water is taken in and out of the ship when the ship is at the port or at the sea. Ballast tanks are constructed in ships with piping system and high capacity ballast pumps to carry out the operation.
Why is ballast water treatment required?
Ballast water standards Ballast water convention is all about pollution from ballast water from one location discharged into different ecology. So it is obvious that ballast water management convention would require us to treat the ballast water in ways that it becomes less harmful or not harmful at all.
How much does a ballast water treatment system cost?
Price estimates for BWTS systems range from US $500,000 to US $3 million, rising in line with the ship’s size.
What is ballast system?
a system of pipes and pumps that serves to take in and expel the liquid ballast of a ship.
How many types of ballast water treatments are there?
4 different types
Different types of ballast water treatment system. There are 4 different types of ballast water treatment system commonly used.
What is De-ballasting operation?
What is the purpose of ballasting?
The major purposes of ballasting a vessel for a voyage are to increase its manageability (and safety), particularly under heavy weather conditions; control its draft and trim for maximum efficiency; and control its stability to ensure safe passage.
What is ballast water management plan?
The ballast water management plan includes the following: International rules and regulations for different port state controls all over the world. Location of ports providing shore discharge facility of sediments and ballast water. Duties of the personnel on board for carrying out ballast operation.
What is ballast water management?
Ballast Water Management. Ballast Water Management are methods utilized in order to prevent the transfer and spread of aquatic species in ballast tanks of ships. These methods include the following: Mid Ocean BW Exchange: Ballast water that is exchanged 200 nautical miles outside of land masses.
What is ballast water system?
A ballast water system allows a ship to pump water in and out of very large tanks to compensate for a change in cargo load, shallow draft conditions, or weather.
What is ballast water exchange?
Ballast water exchange is a process which involves the substitution of water in ship’s ballast tanks using either a sequential, flow-through, dilution or other exchange method which is recommended or made obligatory by the IMO, in order to preserve ecology in biologically rich coastal waters and similarly to those in deep oceanic waters.