What is adenoma tumor?
Listen to pronunciation. (A-deh-NOH-muh) A tumor that is not cancer. It starts in gland-like cells of the epithelial tissue (thin layer of tissue that covers organs, glands, and other structures within the body).
What is a gonadotroph?
Gonadotrophs are the anterior pituitary cell lineage specialized for synthesis and release of two gonadotropins, such as follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH) (1).
What is a gonadotroph adenoma?
Functioning gonadotroph adenomas (FGAs) are adenomas expressing and secreting biologically active gonadotropins and causing distinct clinical manifestations (mainly menstrual irregularity and the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in premenopausal females and adolescent girls, testicular enlargement in males, and …
What is Somatotroph adenoma?
Somatotroph adenomas (GH producing adenomas, somatotropinomas) are typically recognized when they secrete GH excessively and cause the clinical syndrome of acromegaly. This recognition not only identifies a sellar mass as a somatotroph adenoma but also expands the therapeutic options.
What is the cause of adenoma?
Most parathyroid adenomas do not have an identified cause. Sometimes a genetic problem is the cause. This is more common if the diagnosis is made when you are young. Conditions that stimulate the parathyroid glands to get bigger can also cause an adenoma.
What is the difference between an adenoma and a tumor?
Adenoma is a type of non-cancerous tumor or benign that may affect various organs. It is derived from the word “adeno” meaning ‘pertaining to a gland’. Every cell in the body has a tightly regulated system that dictates when it needs to grow, mature and eventually die off.
What do Somatotrophs release?
Somatotrophs are the cells in the anterior pituitary that release pituitary growth hormone (also called somatotropin). They constitute about 30-40% of the anterior pituitary cells. Their GH secretion is inhibited by somatostatin (or growth hormone inhibiting hormone, GHIH).
What is the other name for gonadotropin?
chorionic gonadotropin
List of Gonadotropins:
| Drug Name | Avg. Rating | Reviews |
|---|---|---|
| HCG Generic name: chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) | 7.1 | 12 reviews |
| Pregnyl (Pro) Generic name: chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) | 9.5 | 3 reviews |
| Gonal-f (Pro) Generic name: follicle stimulating hormone | 10 | 2 reviews |
| Ovidrel (Pro) Generic name: chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) | 10 | 1 review |
Why does gonadotroph adenoma cause hypogonadism?
A few patients with gonadotroph cell adenomas hypersecrete intact LH and therefore have supranormal serum testosterone concentrations. A larger number have secondary hypogonadism, because the adenomas are not secreting intact LH but are compressing the normal gonadotroph cells and impairing LH secretion.
What is gonadotropin secreting pituitary tumors?
Gonadotropin-secreting adenomas (gonadotroph adenomas) These rare tumors make luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This can cause irregular menstrual periods in women or low testosterone levels and decreased interest in sex in men.
What is Macroadenoma?
A macroadenoma is a tumor that typically develops in the pituitary gland, a pea-sized organ behind the eyes. They are almost always noncancerous.
What kind of tumor is a gonadotroph adenoma?
Gonadotroph adenomas are usually clinically nonfunctioning, indolent tumors found in older adults. Histologically, most are cytologically bland and may show either perivascular structuring (Fig. 20.20A) or patternless architecture, although small cysts can sometimes be interspersed.
What is the role of chorionic gonadotropin in cancer?
The Role of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin as Tumor Marker: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects Tumor markers are biological substances that are produced/released mainly by malignant tumor cells, enter the circulation in detectable amounts and are potential indicators of the presence of a tumor.
Are there mass effects of a silent gonadotroph adenoma?
Although silent gonadotroph adenomas are diagnosed incidentally, most of them present with mass effects due to the size of the adenoma and hypopituitarism. Gonadotroph adenomas may produce supranormal basal serum concentrations of α-, FSHβ-, and LHβ-subunits.
Can a gonadotroph be diagnosed in a postmenopausal woman?
Only a marked discrepancy among FSH, LH, and/or their subunits would make such measurements useful in the diagnosis of a gonadotropinoma in a postmenopausal female patient.