What is supracondylar process syndrome?
As a rare cause of proximal median nerve entrapment, supracondylar process syndrome is triggered when the median nerve is located in the superficial or deep layer of the ligament of Struthers as a result of anatomical variation.
What is the clinical significance of a supracondylar process Spur?
The supracondylar process is clinically relevant because it forms a passage with the humerus and the ligament of Struthers. The median nerve and brachial artery, which pass through this channel, can become compressed leading to symptoms of neurovascular impingement.
What nerve is affected in supracondylar fracture?
The radial and anterior interosseous nerves are thought to be those most commonly involved by the fracture itself2,3,7 while iatrogenic damage most often affects the ulnar nerve.
Which nerve is injured in supracondylar fracture of humerus?
As the Median and Radial Nerves lie anterior to the supracondylar humerus region they are at risk for injury, primarily post-trauma either by stretching, piercing or impinging at the fracture ends or being entrapped between two fracture fragments (traumatic or primary nerve injury), whereas the Ulnar Nerve injury is …
What is a supracondylar spur?
The supracondylar process of the humerus (also known as an avian spur) is a variant bony projection on the anteromedial aspect of the upper arm bone (humerus), about 5–6 cm above the medial epicondyle. It is directed downward, forward and medially pointing to the medial epicondyle.
What is Supracondylar spur?
Anatomical terminology The supracondylar process of the humerus (also known as an avian spur) is a variant bony projection on the anteromedial aspect of the upper arm bone (humerus), about 5–6 cm above the medial epicondyle.
What does Supracondylar mean?
Medical Definition of supracondylar : of, relating to, affecting, or being the part of a bone situated above a condyle supracondylar osteotomy a supracondylar fracture of the humerus.
What type of fracture is the Supracondylar?
Supracondylar fractures are initially divided into two types, depending on the direction of displacement of the distal fragment: Flexion-type (rare) – distal fragment is displaced anteriorly. Extension-type (98%) – distal fragment is displaced posteriorly.
What is anterior interosseous nerve syndrome?
Anterior interosseus syndrome is an isolated palsy of flexor pollicus longus, the index and long fingers of the flexor digitorum profundus, and the pronator quadratus muscles of the forearm. It manifests as pain in the forearm accompanied commonly by the weakness of the index and thumb finger pincer movement.
Which nerve is involved in fracture neck humerus?
A fracture in this area is most likely to cause damage to the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery.
Where is the supracondylar process on the humerus?
A small percentage of people develop the supracondylar process on the anterior and medial aspect of the distal humerus. A small connection of tissue between the supracondylar process and the medial epicondylitis exist called Struther’s ligament.
What are the symptoms of supracondylar process syndrome?
Table 1 summarizes 43 previously described supracondylar process syndrome cases. Most patients presented with median nerve compression symptoms (paresthesia, numbness, and weakness). Pain was often exacerbated by extending and pronating the forearm. Tenderness medially above the elbow and a palpable process were common signs.
When did Struthers describe the supracondylar process?
Other presentations such as fractures, vascular compromise, and ulnar nerve involvement are less frequent. Struthers described the supracondylar process and associated ligament in 1848. 1 The supracondylar process is a beak-shaped bone spur arising from the distal anteromedial portion of the humerus.
How tall is the supracondylar process in humans?
The supracondylar process and Struther’s ligament are not present in every person and only exists between .3 and 2.7% of the population. It is located approximately 7 cm above the medial epicondyle. It also varies in height between 2 to 30 mm in height.