What causes coagulation in water?
To induce coagulation, a coagulant (typically a metallic salt) with the opposite charge is added to the water to overcome the repulsive charge and “destabilize” the suspension. For example, the colloidal particles are negatively charged and alum is added as a coagulant to create positively charged ions.
What is coagulation process?
Coagulation is a process used to neutralise charges and form a gelatinous mass to trap (or bridge) particles thus forming a mass large enough to settle or be trapped in the filter.
What are the coagulants used in water treatment?
Chemical Coagulants Used In Water Treatment
- Aluminum Sulfate (Alum) – One of the most commonly used water treatment chemicals in the world.
- Aluminum Chloride – A second choice to Alum as it is more expensive, hazardous and corrosive.
- Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) & Aluminum Chlorohydrate (ACH)
How does coagulation work?
Tiny cells in the blood called platelets stick together around the wound to patch the leak. Blood proteins and platelets come together and form what is known as a fibrin clot. The clot acts like a mesh to stop the bleeding. Bleeding causes a biological “domino effect” in which a series of steps are set in motion.
What is the function of coagulant?
What are coagulants used for? In water treatment, coagulants are used to remove a wide variety of hazardous materials from water, ranging from organic matter and pathogens, to inorganics and toxic materials, like arsenic, chemical phosphorous and fluoride.
What is coagulation in waste water?
Coagulation is a somewhat simple chemical process that involves bringing insoluble materials together by manipulating the charges of particles, by adding iron or aluminum salts, such as aluminum sulfate or ferric sulfate, to a wastewater stream.
Why is coagulation important in water treatment?
It is, however, an important primary step in the water treatment process, because coagulation removes many of the particles, such as dissolved organic carbon, that make water difficult to disinfect.
What is the purpose of coagulation in water treatment?
Coagulation is a process for combining small particles into larger aggregates (flocs) and for adsorbing dissolved organic matter on to particulate aggregates so that these impurities can be removed in subsequent solid/liquid separation processes.
What two chemicals are commonly used as water coagulants?
Aluminum sulfate (alum) is the most common coagulant used for water purification. Other chemicals, such as ferric sulfate or sodium aluminate, may also be used.
What is the best coagulant?
Ferric sulfate works in a similar way to aluminum sulfate, and it is considered to be a highly effective coagulant for industrial usage. Depending on availability, ferric sulfate may be cheaper to source than aluminum sulfate – or other aluminum-based coagulants – although this may not be true in every location.
What are the types of coagulation?
Types of coagulation tests
- Complete blood count (CBC) Your doctor may order a complete blood count (CBC) as part of your routine physical.
- Factor V assay. This test measures Factor V, a substance involved in clotting.
- Fibrinogen level.
- Prothrombin time (PT or PT-INR)
- Platelet count.
- Thrombin time.
- Bleeding time.