What is the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid?
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a blistering skin disease characterized by an autoimmune response to 2 hemidesmosomal proteins within the dermal-epidermal junction, designated BP180 and BP230.
How does pemphigoid develop?
Pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune disorder that can develop at any age, including in kids, but that most often affects the elderly. Pemphigoid is caused by a malfunction of the immune system and results in skin rashes and blistering on the legs, arms, and abdomen.
Where does bullous pemphigoid start?
Bullous pemphigoid (BUL-us PEM-fih-goid) is a rare skin condition that causes large, fluid-filled blisters. They develop on areas of skin that often flex — such as the lower abdomen, upper thighs or armpits.
What is treatment for pemphigoid?
Bullous pemphigoid is most commonly treated with corticosteroids. These can be taken by mouth in addition to topically applied creams. Antibiotics or other anti-inflammatory medications may also be useful in mild cases. Severe cases may require the use of immunosuppressant medications.
What is the major risk factor for bullous pemphigoid?
Thus, risk factors for BP include neurological disorders, particularly dementia and Parkinson’s disease, psychiatric disorders (unipolar and bipolar disorders), bedridden condition, and chronic use of several drugs.
What kind of autoimmune disease is bullous pemphigoid?
Together with mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigoid gestationis, linear immunoglobulin (Ig) A bullous dermatosis (LABD), anti-laminin γ1 pemphigoid, and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), BP is encompassed in the heterogeneous group of subepithelial autoimmune bullous disorders ( 1 ).
What kind of disease is mucous membrane pemphigoid?
Bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) are uncommon autoimmune subepithelial blistering diseases that most frequently arise in older adults and are characterized by the presence of cutaneous bullae and erosive mucosal lesions. Significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases.
How long does non bullous bullous pemphigoid last?
In up to 20% of cases, BP may initially exhibit a non-bullous phase characterized by eczematous, excoriated, urticaria-like or nodular lesions, which may last weeks, months, or occasionally remain the sole clinical manifestation ( 2 ).
Which is the ocular form of pemphigoid?
The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of these disorders and greater detail on the ocular form of MMP (ocular cicatricial pemphigoid) are available separately.