Where is rat hole mining done in Meghalaya?
East Jaintia Hills district
However, an unofficial report says there are about 60,000 such rat-hole mines operating out of East Jaintia Hills district, one of the major coal-producing sites of Meghalaya.
Is coal mining legal in Meghalaya?
The Ministry of Coal had on May 6 allowed the start of mining in Meghalaya by approving five coal mining applications submitted by the state government. The approval was given after two months of framing of the Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) for Coal Mining in Meghalaya, 2021 by the state government.
What is rat hole mining WHO has declared it as illegal why Class 10?
Once the coal seam is found, rat-hole-sized tunnels are dug horizontally through which workers can extract the coal. When was it banned, and why? The National Green Tribunal (NGT) banned it in 2014, and retained the ban in 2015, on grounds of it being unscientific and unsafe for workers.
What is rat hole coal mining?
A rat-hole mine comprises a deep vertical shaft with narrow horizontal tunnels, two to four feet in dimension, dug on its sides. Miners go into these horizontal tunnels for hundreds of feet to take out coal. Primitive tools are used to build and operate these mines and accidents are common and most are not reported.
WHO declared rat hole mining illegal?
Rs 3,800)/tonne. In April 2014, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ordered a ban on coal mining in Meghalaya, which is primarily conducted through rat-hole mines, and also the transportation of coal extracted thus.
Why is rat hole mining banned?
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has banned rat-hole mining in 2014, and retained the ban in 2015. The ban was on grounds of the practice being unscientific and unsafe for workers. The entire roadsides in and around mining areas are for piling of coal. This is a major source of air, water and soil pollution.
What is rat hole mining Class 8?
Answer : Rat-hole mining refers to the mining of minerals like coal, limestone, iron ore, etc., by drilling long tunnels downwards from the surface is called Rat-hole mining. This mining is done by the tribals of northeast India.
What is rat hole mining answer?
A rat-hole mine involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet deep, in which workers, more often children, enter and extract coal. Rat-hole mining is broadly of two types – side-cutting and box-cutting.
Where rat hole mining is practiced?
Meghalaya
Rat-hole mining is primarily practiced only in Meghalaya. Such cases are not witnessed in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh because the coal seems are thick in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh while in Meghalaya coal seems are very thin.
Where is coal found in Meghalaya?
The estimated coal deposits of 560 million tonnes in Meghalaya are found along the southern fringe of the Shillong plateau extending over a length of 400 km. These deposits are spread over 20 major and minor reserves. Coal extraction is done in primitive subsurface mining method locally known as ‘Rat-Hole Mining’.
What is rat hole Class 10?
Class 10th. Answer : Rat-hole mining refers to the mining of minerals like coal, limestone, iron ore, etc., by drilling long tunnels downwards from the surface is called Rat-hole mining. Generally, mining of minerals is done by the Government. But this rat-hole mining is done by individuals, families or groups.
What is rat hole mining Wikipedia?
Distribution of coal in India. A rat-hole mine involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet deep, in which workers, more often children, enter and extract coal. Rat-hole mining is broadly of two types – side-cutting and box-cutting.
How is rat hole mining done in Meghalaya?
The rat-hole mining is broadly of two types – side-cutting and box-cutting. In side-cutting procedure, narrow tunnels are dug on the hill slopes and workers go inside until they find the coal seam. The coal seam in hills of Meghalaya is very thin, less than 2 m in most cases.
How big is a rat hole coal mine?
It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal, with tunnels that are only 3-4 feet in diameter (hence, rat-hole), leading to pits ranging from 5-100 sq. mt
When did the coal mine collapse in Meghalaya?
On December 2018, the collapse of coal mine in Meghalaya’s East Jaintia Hills, trapping at least 15 workers who were still missing and are feared dead, has thrown the spotlight on the “rat-hole mining.” Although banned, it remains the only procedure of coal mining in Meghalaya.
Why was rat hole mining banned in India?
Ban – The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has banned rat-hole mining in 2014, and retained the ban in 2015. The ban was on grounds of the practice being unscientific and unsafe for workers. The NGT order bans not only rat-hole mining but all “unscientific and illegal mining”.