Is hydroxyapatite an osteoconductive?
Introduction. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), with its high biocompatibility and good bioaffinity, stimulates osteoconduction and is slowly replaced by the host bone after implantation 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
What are bone scaffolds made of?
They consist of aliphatic polyesters such as poly(lactic-acid)(PLA), poly(glycolic-acid)(PGA), and poly(caprolactone)(PCL), and their copolymers which are the most commonly utilized polymers in bone tissue engineering (16-20).
What proteins may provide an initial scaffold for bone mineralization?
1. Collagen. As a primary component of bone, collagen (and gelatin) is an ideal candidate for the design of 3D scaffolds. It is inherently biocompatible and biodegradable, and stimulates proliferation and differentiation of cells as extracellular matrix.
What are polymeric scaffolds?
Scaffold Design Essentially, the polymeric scaffold is designed to define the cellular microenvironment (cell niche) required for optimal function. Typically, the scaffold is a 3-dimensional open-cell, interconnected porous structure, allowing facile communication between the biological cells dispersed in the scaffold.
Why do we use hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite (HA or HAP) of biologic (coral-, bovine- or marine algae-derived) or synthetic origin are currently used for bone repair and bone regeneration in the form of granules, blocks and scaffolds, by itself or as composite with polymers or other ceramics or as coatings on orthopedic or dental implants.
What is biomaterial scaffold?
Scaffolds are supporting materials used in tissue engineering applications to repair or restore damaged tissues. Biomaterials are used to fabricate scaffolds. There are different types of biomaterials including biopolymers, bioceramics and biodegradable metals. Biomaterials have to be biocompatible and non-toxic.
What is osteoconductive and osteoinductive?
Osteoinduction is the process by which osteogenesis is induced. It is a phenomenon regularly seen in any type of bone healing process. Osteoinduction implies the recruitment of immature cells and the stimulation of these cells to develop into preosteoblasts. Osteoconduction means that bone grows on a surface.
What is the main function of hydroxyapatite?
Medical Definition of Hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite: A major component and an essential ingredient of normal bone and teeth. Hydroxyapatite makes up bone mineral and the matrix of teeth. It is hydroxyapatite that gives bones and teeth their rigidity.
What kind of scaffold is used for osteogenesis?
Chitosan and poly(butylene succinate) (CH-PBS) scaffolds were constructed and seeded with human MSCs in order to test their ability to induce osteogenesis. The material was found to have 59% porosity, 144.9 mm pore size, and 60.9% interconnectivity.
What kind of scaffold is used in bone marrow?
In this study, a scaffold composed of 90% type 1 collagen, which gives bone its tensile strength, and 10% type 3 collagen. In recent years, bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSC) have shown great potential for tissue engineering purposes.
How are chitosan based scaffolds used for bone formation?
Chitosan-based scaffolds have also been used to immobilize peptides that can contribute to bone formation. In this study, the addition of the RGD peptide into chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds (C/H) was assessed as a means of promoting osteogenesis by improving cell adhesion onto the scaffold.