What cells do Polyomaviruses infect?
Human Polyomaviruses and Disease
| Human Polyomavirus | Date of discovery | Major cell type infected |
|---|---|---|
| JCV | 1971 (Padgett et al.) | Kidney epithelium, Lymphocytes, Oligodendrocytes |
| KI | 2007 (Allander et al.) | ? |
| WU | 2007 (Gaynor et al.) | ? |
| MCV | 2008 (Feng et al.) | Merkel cells |
What are the symptoms of polyomavirus?
Birds with polyomavirus infection may display symptoms, including:
- A swollen (distended) abdomen.
- Loss of appetite.
- Regurgitation.
- Vomiting.
- Diarrhea.
- Dehydration.
- Weight loss.
- Depression.
What is polyomavirus effect?
The polyomavirus cytopathic effect (BK-CPE) is a well-recognized finding in urinary cytology. 3. Although cytology is valuable in assessing whether BK-infected cells are present in urine specimens, BK-infected “decoy cells” can mimic HGUC owing to the morphologic overlap.
How many human Polyomaviruses are there?
Four polyomaviruses namely, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus (TSPyV), John Cunningham Polyomavirus (JCPyV) and BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) have been associated with the development of specific malignant tumors.
How is polyoma virus transmitted?
Most people are infected in childhood. The route of transmission has not been definitively established, although one possible route is through contaminated food or water. JCV remains latent in the lymphocytes, urogenital tract, and brain of its host and may reactivate to cause disease in immunocompromised hosts.
Which disease do Polyomaviruses predominantly cause?
Diseases caused by human polyomavirus infections are most common among immunocompromised people; disease associations include BK virus with nephropathy in renal transplant and non-renal solid organ transplant patients, JC virus with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and Merkel cell virus (MCV) with Merkel …
What disease does polyomavirus cause?
The human polyomaviruses BKV and JCV are known to cause, respectively, hemorrhagic cystitis in recipients of bone marrow transplantation and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in immunocompromised patients, for example, by HIV infection.
What disease does polyoma virus cause?
Is there a vaccine for polyoma?
The USDA-registered inactivated avian polyomavirus vaccine can safely be used to protect vaccinates from infection and control spread of this virus in flocks.
Are there any humans that have a polyomavirus?
Until recent discoveries of human polyomaviruses, such as BK virus and JC virus, the research on polyomaviruses served as a model, and seemed to be unrelated to human diseases. More recently, quite a few human polyomaviruses, including MCV, were discovered by the advent of new sequencing technology termed next generation sequencing.
Where are polyomaviruses found in the urine cytology?
Urine Cytology Findings of Polyomavirus Infections – Madame Curie Bioscience Database – NCBI Bookshelf Polyomaviruses of the BK- and JC-strains often remain latent within the transitional cell layer of the bladder, ureters and the renal pelvis as well as in tubular epithelial cells of the kidney.
When do polyomaviruses remain latent after primary infection?
Polyomaviruses are small, nonenveloped DNA viruses, which are widespread in nature. In immunocompetent hosts, the viruses remain latent after primary infection. With few exceptions, illnesses associated with these viruses occur in times of immune compromise, especially in conditions that bring about T cell deficiency.
How are decoy cells used to diagnose polyomavirus?
Decoy cells contain mostly BK-virus antigens. Thus, in renal allograft recipients, the examination of urine cytology specimens and the search for polyomavirus inclusion bearing cells can be used as a clinical tool to assess the (re)activation of latent polyomaviruses and the risk for BKN (see below).