What inbred mouse strains?
Inbred mouse strains are defined as colonies produced by a minimum of 20 generations of brother-sister mating, traceable to a single founding pair.
What is isogenic strain?
Isogenic strains (inbred strains and F1 hybrids) are like immortal clones of genetically identical individuals. The same genotype can be reproduced indefinitely. They have already made a substantial contribution to biomedical research.
Does inbreeding affect mice?
Mice have been inbred to reduce genetic variance for over a 100 years, and each generation of inbreeding is expected to lead to a decrease in heterozygosity (Wright 1921; Silver 1995).
Which would be an advantage of using inbred strains of mice?
1. Economical – Inbred mice are considerably less expensive than mutant humanized models. 2. Fully developed immune systems – Inbred mice are immunocompetent, and, thus, allow for the study of infectious diseases and the compounds designed to treat them within the dynamics of fully functional immune systems.
How many inbred strains of mice are there?
Each inbred strain has its own unique pattern of behavior, growth patterns, reproductive performance, spontaneous disease (including tumors), and response to xenobiotics. Differences between strains are an indication that the observed character is under genetic control. Currently, there are over 200 inbred rat strains.
What is an isogenic animal?
Two organisms are said to be isogenic if they are genetically identical. Monozygous twins in humans, cattle and some other mammals are isogenic. However, their use in research is limited by their rarity. Inbred strains of mice and rats are isogenic.
What are isogenic bacteria?
Bacterial populations pose an intriguing puzzle: in so-called isogenic populations, all bacteria have the same genes, but they still behave differently, for example grow at different speeds.
What does the term isogenic mean?
Isogenic refers to a population with essentially identical genes. This makes comparisons easier, as it can be difficult to find related cells that express genes in the same way.
Can you breed sibling mice?
To produce sufficient mice for experiments, multiple sister-brother breeding pairs or trios (two females and one male) can be established. Occasionally, strains that have small litters or are poor parents may be bred in harems (several females with one male). All members of the harem should be siblings.
What is the difference between inbred and outbred mice?
Inbred vs. Genetically, there are two major classes of laboratory mice: inbred and outbred. Inbred mice are genetically homogeneous and there is very little variation or heterogeneity within a pure inbred strain. Outbred mice are bred specifically to maximize genetic diversity and heterozygosity within a population.
What is isogenic wild type?
The isogenic lines usually refer to two lines have exact same genetic makeup, with one gene in difference. Some researchers refer the ‘wild type (non-transgenic)’ line and the transgenic line derived from this wild type line as isogenic lines.
What is the difference between inbred and outbred mice strain?
Genetically, there are two major classes of laboratory mice: inbred and outbred. Inbred mice are genetically homogeneous and there is very little variation or heterogeneity within a pure inbred strain. Outbred mice are bred specifically to maximize genetic diversity and heterozygosity within a population.
How are inbred and Isogenic mice the same?
Isogenic mice are genetically identical, thus different individual mice of an inbred strain are isogenic. Coisogenic mice have a variant (mutation, transgene, targeted allele) which arose directly on that strain. Congenic mice have a variant larger than a gene but are otherwise isogenic.
What kind of mice is a congenic strain?
Mice that have been bred to be essentially isogenic with an inbred strain except for a selected differential chromosomal segment are called congenic strains.
What makes a laboratory mouse an inbred mouse?
Laboratory mice are unique in that there are a large number (hundreds) of inbred strains. Inbred strains are a strain of mice in which every individual is essentially genetically identical and homozygous at all loci. Inbred strains of mice are generated by 20 generations or more of brother-sister mating.
What are the different types of relatedness in mice?
The terms isogenic, coisogenic, congenic and consomic are used to describe specific types of relatedness. Isogenic mice are genetically identical, thus different individual mice of an inbred strain are isogenic. Coisogenic mice have a variant (mutation, transgene, targeted allele) which arose directly on that strain.