What is SOCS protein?
Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins are inhibitors of the Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK–STAT) pathways. SOCS1 also inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling. SOCS1 and SOCS3 regulate TH-cell differentiation, including TH1, TH2, TH17 and TH3 cells.
What does SOCS3?
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3 or SOCS-3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOCS3 gene. This gene encodes a member of the STAT-induced STAT inhibitor (SSI), also known as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), family.
How does SOCS3 work?
The inhibitory protein SOCS3 plays a key role in the immune and hematopoietic systems by regulating signaling induced by specific cytokines. SOCS3 functions by inhibiting the catalytic activity of Janus Kinases (JAKs) that initiate signaling within the cell.
Is STAT3 a transcription factor?
STAT3 belongs to the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of signal responsive transcription factors which consists of seven members encoded by distinct genes. In addition to tyrosine 705 phosphorylation, STAT3 is also activated through serine (Ser 727) phosphorylation.
What is the difference between Opsonins and cytokines?
The key difference between cytokines and opsonins is that cytokines are small extracellular proteins that participate in cell signalling, while opsonins are large extracellular proteins that bind to cells and induce phagocytosis.
How is STAT3 activated?
STAT3 is activated by several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6)24,25,26, which is a prime target for therapeutic intervention in several inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, Still’s disease and giant cell arthritis.
What is STAT3 function?
Through its regulation of gene activity, the STAT3 protein is involved in many cellular functions. It helps control cell growth and division (proliferation), cell movement (migration), and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). The STAT3 protein is active in tissues throughout the body.
What are the diseases associated with the SOCS3 gene?
SOCS3 (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with SOCS3 include Dermatitis, Atopic, 4 and Overnutrition . Among its related pathways are Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation and G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme) .
How does TGF-beta1 affect the expression of SOCS3?
TGF-beta1 can downregulate the mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and upregulate the mRNA expression of SREBP-1c. SOCS3 is highly tyrosine phosphorylated by c-Abl and that tyrosine phosphorylation of SOCS3 is required for the survival and tumorigenesis of certain cells.
Where does SOCS3 expression occur in the body?
The expression of SOCS3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissues of non-responding CHB [ chronic hepatitis B] patients was significantly higher than that of responding CHB patients during interferon and nucleoside antiviral therapy.
How does SOCS3 inhibit cytokine signal transduction?
SOCS3 is involved in negative regulation of cytokines that signal through the JAK/STAT pathway. Inhibits cytokine signal transduction by binding to tyrosine kinase receptors including IL6ST/gp130, LIF, erythropoietin, insulin, IL12, GCSF and leptin receptors.