Why is translation in biology important?
The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the “workhorses” of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life.
What is the purpose of translation?
Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.
Why is translational regulation important?
Translational control governs the efficiency of mRNAs and thus plays an important role in modulating the expression of many genes that respond to endogenous or exogenous signals such as nutrient supply, hormones, or stress.
What happens in translation in biology?
In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.
What is translation in molecular biology?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.
Why is translation and transcription important?
Transcription and translation are the two processes that convert a sequence of nucleotides from DNA into a sequence of amino acids to build the desired protein. These two processes are essential for life. They are found in all organisms – eukaryotic and prokaryotic.
What is the purpose of translation in biology quizlet?
The purpose of translation is for mRNA to be read and translated into a sequence of amino acids.
What is the main goal of translation?
The purpose of translation is to synthesize proteins, which are used for millions of cellular functions. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template. This is the second step of gene expression.
What is an advantage of translational control mechanisms quizlet?
What is an advantage of translational control mechanisms? It allows a cell to rapidly respond to a stimulus. Since eukaryotic gene expression is separated by space and time, _____ occurs first in the nucleus and _____ happens after in the cytoplasm.
How does translational control gene expression?
Translational regulation of mRNA is an important step in the control of gene expression. In a general way, the efficiency of the translational apparatus can be influenced either positively or negatively by changing the level or the activity of rate-limiting protein factors taking part in the process of translation.
What is translation in biology class 12?
Hint: Translation is the process of translating the sequence of m RNA (messenger RNA) into a sequence of amino acids. This translation takes place during protein synthesis. Here, the relationship between the sequence of base pairs and the corresponding amino acid(which encodes) describes the genetic code.
What happens during the process of translation in DNA?
Translation is the process that takes the information passed from DNA as messenger RNA and turns it into a series of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds. The ribosome moves along the mRNA, matching 3 base pairs at a time and adding the amino acids to the polypeptide chain.
How does translation work biology?
Translation is the process in biology in which a ribosome uses the information stored in messenger RNA (mRNA) link together the sequence of amino acids which form proteins. Translation is preceded by transcription in which the mRNA is formed. tRNA then brings amino acids to the ribosome which latches to the mRNA,…
What are the steps of translation in biology?
Phases of translation. Some people claim that there are four phases of translation: initiation, elongation, translocation, and termination. However, most scientists believe that there are only three steps of translation in biology. The same notions are used in the process of transcription for describing the process of making the mRNA string.
What is involved in translation?
Molecules involved in translation. Translation is a process where genetic information is translated from a “nucleic acid language” to an “amino acid language”. Translation is catalyzed by a large enzyme called a ribosome, which contains proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
What is the function of translation?
The function of translation – like language – is to communicate. The general over-riding function of translation is communicative. This should always be at the fore-front of our minds. Therefore theories of translation should mirror theories of language.