How long does it take to restart a refinery?
Planned shutdowns are known as turnarounds. Most refineries go through a turnaround every three to five years. Each turnaround requires extensive planning and careful coordination of labor and materials. Most often, the shutdown happens when production is at its lowest and required skilled labor is readily available.
Who does SAPREF supply?
SAPREF will manage the contracts on behalf of BP, Shell and Engen and will supply about two million metric tons of bunker fuel per year to ships in Durban.
Is SAPREF closing in South Africa?
“Sapref made the decision to safely shut down the refinery when key materials to continue running the facility could not be delivered owing to supply chain disruptions caused by the civil unrest,” the statement added.
Is natref part of Sasol?
The Natref refinery is a joint venture between Sasol Oil (Pty) Ltd and Total South Africa (Pty) Ltd.
How many oil refineries are there in South Africa?
There are six refineries in the country – four on the coast and two inland. Crude oil is refined at South Africa’s four crude oil refineries. The table below shows the development of South Africa’s refining capacity (barrels per day) from 1994 to 2014.
What does shutdown mean in oil and gas?
Shutdowns and Outages Shutdowns can also occur when accidents, natural disasters, or other threats take place. Outages don’t happen in an effort to protect equipment or individuals working in the facility. They happen when power supplies are disrupted, equipment breaks down, or deliveries do not arrive.
What is a shutdown project?
Turnarounds and Shutdowns are major projects that require that require sound planning, execution and control. They directly affect the bottom line of the company. Shutdown projects are usually short in duration, from 1 month up to 6 months, and require significant deployment of experienced personnel.
In which province is SAPREF?
KwaZulu-Natal
Widespread fuel shortages are possible over the coming days after ongoing civil unrest in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province prompted the shutdown of South Africa’s largest oil refinery, SAPREF, on July 13.
How old is SAPREF?
The SAPREF Refinery Maintenance program was completed in mid-2013. The project was carried out by the Kaefer Group who are one of the largest insulation companies in the world. The project scope entailed thermal insulation for boilers and pipelines and the natural choice was to use ULTIMATE U Thermo products.
Where are the oil refineries in South Africa?
Crude oil refinery capacity in South Africa as of 2017 by location (in barrels per day)
| Refinery (Location) | Refinery capacity in barrels per day |
|---|---|
| Sapref (Durban) | 170,000 |
| Enref (Durban) | 135,000 |
| Chevref (Cape Town) | 100,000 |
| Natref (Sasolburg) | 88,000 |
Where does petrol come from in South Africa?
South Africa has no crude oil reserves of its own and about 60% of its crude oil requirements are met by imports from the Middle East and Africa (Source: South Africa Yearbook 2012/2013).
Why are there capacity issues with Hadoop Impala?
The capacity issues could be because of a high volume of concurrent queries, because of heavy-duty join and aggregation queries that require large amounts of memory, or because Impala is being used alongside other Hadoop data management components and the resource usage of Impala must be constrained to work well in a multitenant deployment.
How does Impala admission control choose the memory limit?
If set, Impala admission control will choose a memory limit between the minimum and maximum value based on the per-host memory estimate for the query. The memory limit chosen determines the amount of memory that Impala admission control will set aside for this query on each host that the query is running on.
What are the safety features of a 2014 Chevy Impala?
Neither the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety nor the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration had crash-tested the 2014 Impala as of publication, but the sedan will likely be evaluated at some point. Safety features include antilock brakes and an electronic stability system, which are required on new vehicles.
Is the 2014 Chevy Impala a rental car?
Instead, the aging car has become synonymous with rental cars — or precisely the opposite of what a flagship is supposed to conjure. That’s about to change with the completely redesigned 2014 Chevrolet Impala, which delivers the kind of comfort, roominess and luxury touches expected of a true flagship .