What is a water transfer scheme GCSE geography?
When a country has a water surplus in one area and a water shortage in another, supplies can be transferred. This is called a water transfer scheme. Canals and pipes transport the water to rivers or reservoirs in other parts of the country.
What is an example of a water transfer scheme?
Kielder water is a good example of a current LOCAL water transfer scheme. Water is trapped behind a dam in North West Northumberland then moved by pipe and rivers into the Derwent, River Wear and River Tees to supply the major settlements along the north east coast such as Newcastle and Middlesbrough.
What are the problems with water transfer schemes?
There might be political issues, e.g. people may not want water from their area transferred to another. There would be increased traffic and noise from the construction of dams to provide extra capacity; The river flow downstream would be affected, along with the wildlife; Mixing water qualities.
Why are water transfer schemes important?
The advantages of these networks include the possibility of balancing supply and demand over large distances, of pooling the financial resources of communities and regions, of sharing important structures such as reservoirs and treatment facilities, and providing greater security against local supply failures.
What are water schemes?
WaterSure is a scheme which helps some people with their water bills. To apply for the scheme, you must be on benefits and need to use a lot of water either for medical reasons or because your household has a certain number of school-age children.
What is the name of the water transport scheme in the UK?
The answer was the Kielder scheme, a regional water transfer system in the north east of England. It releases water from the reservoir at Kielder Water into local rivers. The scheme means rivers such as the Tyne, Derwent and Tees can be kept at minimum levels even when rainfall has been low.
Why was the Elan Valley a good site for a water transfer scheme?
Reasons for choosing the Elan valley location Deep narrow valleys to hold the water in. Impermeable rock means the water wouldn’t leak away. A high annual rainfall of 1,830 mm. The area is higher than Birmingham, so the water can flow using gravity rather than pumps.
Why does China need a water transfer scheme?
Why is water transfer needed? The aims of the project are to divert 44.8 billion cubic meters of water per year from the Yangtze River in southern China to the Yellow River Basin in arid northern China. This will move water from humid areas where water supply is sufficient, to drier areas where demand exceeds supply.
Why is water transfer controversial?
Disadvantages. The breeding patterns of fish have been disrupted through the dam blocking the river. Also, fewer pebbles travel downstream, which impacts on habitats. Many families were moved from their homes in order to make way for the dam and reservoir.
How does water transfer affect the environment?
Environmental impacts include all water-related environmental effects such as the impact of alterations in instream flows on fish and wildlife, or recreation, changes in water quality, and the implications of a water transfer for wetlands and riparian ecosystems.
What is the Kielder Water Transfer Scheme?
How is water transferred from reservoirs to people’s houses?
Surface water is rain drained into rivers or creeks or collected in dams and water tanks. The treated water is pumped to reservoirs for storage. Reservoirs are usually on high ground so that water can flow into underground pipes or water mains. The water in the mains flows into the house when you turn on the tap.
Which is an example of a water transfer scheme?
Global water supply and consumption are unequal. Water supplies need to be managed and there are strategies that can achieve this. Water sustainability is a global concern. Kielder reservoir in Northumberland is an example of a water transfer scheme.
How is water being transferred in the UK?
Transferring water is one way of overcoming water deficit. One way to deal with the water supply and demand problem in the UK is to transfer water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit. The UK Government has been considering developing a national water grid similar to the national electricity grid.
What are the disadvantages of the South North Water Transfer project?
The disadvantages of the South-North water transfer project include: hundreds of thousands of people displaced from the construction of dams and reservoirs ecological damage to the natural environment the region prone to earthquakes which could cause extensive damage to the scheme
Where does the water in the Lake District come from?
This includes water being transferred from reservoirs in North Wales and the Lake District to cities such as Manchester and Liverpool in the densely populated north-west of England. Also, water from the Kielder reservoir is pumped into the North Tyne river. Water can then be transferred to the River Derwent,…