What is omphalomesenteric duct remnant?
The omphalomesenteric duct is an embryologic connection between the digestive tract and yolk sac, which typically involutes by the time of birth. Failure of the obliteration process can result in omphalomesenteric duct remnants.
What is vitello intestinal duct?
The vitelline duct acts as a communicating tract between the embryonic yolk sac and its primitive midgut during early human development. During the eighth week of gestation the vitelline duct is normally obliterated as the placenta replaces the yolk sac as the primary source for fetal nutrition.
What does vitelline duct give rise to?
The vitelline duct receives its blood supply from paired vitelline arteries. As alimentary tract development proceeds, the left vitelline artery involutes and the right vitelline artery becomes the superior mesenteric artery.
What is the vitelline duct used for?
The vitelline duct (VD) is an embryonic structure providing communication from the yolk sac to the midgut during fetal development [1]. Normally, it obliterates spontaneously and separates from the intestine between approximately the 5th and 9th weeks of gestation [2].
What is a Omphalomesenteric cyst?
The omphalomesenteric duct cyst is an embryologic remnant of the yolk stalk. If the yolk stalk does not obliterate completely, various portions may persist giving rise to many entities including an omphalomesenteric duct cyst. The cysts are lined by a columnar mucin-secreting epithelium.
What is umbilical polyp?
An umbilical polyp is a congenital lesion resulting from an intestinal mucosal remnant at the umbilicus. [1] Other anomalies involving the umbilicus include umbilical sinus, umbilical mucosal polyp and cysts within a persistent fibrous cord.
Is Meckel’s diverticulum painful?
Symptoms of Meckel’s diverticulum usually occur during the first year of a child’s life, but can occur into adulthood. Symptoms include: Gastrointestinal bleeding (which can be seen in the stool). Abdominal pain and cramping.
How vitelline duct is formed?
A constriction in the yolk sac encloses a small part of yolk sac within the embryo, forming the primitive digestive tube. Connection of the yolk sac to the embryonic digestive system is gradually reduced to a small tube called the vitelline duct (sometimes called the umbilical vesicle).
When is vitelline duct formed?
It appears at the end of the fourth week, when the yolk sac presents the appearance of a small pear-shaped vesicle (the umbilical vesicle).
How does an Omphalomesenteric cyst form?
Meconium or faecal cysts probably develop as a consequence of partial obstruction at the neck of the umbilical defect where gut contents can flow into the OMD and forms a large cyst. Herein we report a case of a newborn with an omphalocele in whom an omphalomesenteric cyst was found.
What is Allantoic cyst?
Allantoic cyst is a rare swelling formed at the base of umbilicus associated with a patent urachus which results from an allantoic remnant. Paediatricians need to be aware about this condition as investigation is required to differentiate allantois cysts from umbilical pseudocysts.
What are remnants of the Vitello intestinal duct?
Vitellointestinal duct remnants. Vitellointestinal duct/Omphalomesenteric duct is the conncetion between yolk sac and developing gut. Usually it obliterates and disappears, but the persistence of this duct can lead to following anomalies. Umbilical fecal fistula-Due to persistence of entire Vitello intestinal duct.
Is the Meckel diverticulum a remnant of the vitelline duct?
Meckel’s diverticulum is a remnant of the omphalomesenteric or vitelline duct. It arises from the antimesenteric border of the distal ileum approximately 60 cm from the iliocaecal valve. It may contain ectopic tissue, usually gastric, and is estimated to be present in approximately 2% of the population.
What happens when the vitelline duct is obliterated?
Failure of obliteration of the vitelline duct produces several gastrointestinal anomalies, the most common of which is a Meckel’s diverticulum. Other related anomalies include a vitelline fistula, which occurs when the vitelline duct remains patent, forming a direct connection between the umbilicus and the ileum.
Where is the vitelline duct located in the fetus?
In the human embryo, the vitelline duct, also known as the vitellointestinal duct, the yolk stalk, the omphaloenteric duct, or the omphalomesenteric duct, is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk sac to the midgut lumen of the developing fetus.