What receptor does norovirus bind to?
Noroviruses, an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans, have been found to recognize the histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as receptors.
What is histo-blood antigen?
Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are commonly accepted as the cellular receptors for human norovirus. However, some human noroviruses have been found not to bind any HBGA ligand, suggesting potential additional co-factors.
Is norovirus foodborne?
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States. It causes 58% of foodborne illnesses acquired in the United States.
How does norovirus enter cells?
A norovirus particle consists of a molecule of ribonucleic acid (or RNA for short), which contains the genome of the virus, surrounded by a coat of proteins. The virus is unable to multiply on its own and so it infects the cells of its host and hijacks them to make new viral proteins and RNA.
How does norovirus attach to a cell?
It is initiated by virus binding to the cell surface and culminates in the release of the viral genome into the host cell cytoplasm [5].
What type of foodborne illness is norovirus?
Norovirus is a leading cause of foodborne illness. You can get norovirus from contaminated food or water, an infected person, or by touching contaminated surfaces. Norovirus causes inflammation of the stomach, intestines or both. This is called acute gastroenteritis.
How is norovirus transmitted through food?
Food and water can get contaminated with norovirus in many ways, including when: An infected person touches food with their bare hands that have feces (poop) or vomit particles on them. Food is placed on a counter or surface that has feces or vomit particles on it.
What cells are affected by norovirus?
FIG 1 The dual tropism of noroviruses for intestinal epithelial and immune cells. As detailed in the text, the acute strain of murine norovirus (MNV), MNV-1, infects macrophages, dendritic cells, and T and B cells in vitro and in gastrointestinal lymphoid-associated tissue, including the Peyer’s patch.
What is histopathology and cytopathology?
Cytology is different from histology. Cytology generally involves looking at a single cell type. Histology is the exam of an entire block of tissue. Specializing In: Cytoreductive Surgery.