What is the theory of Carol Gilligan?
Gilligan proposed that women come to prioritize an “ethics of care” as their sense of morality evolves along with their sense of self while men prioritize an “ethics of justice.” …
What are the characteristics of Carol Gilligan’s theory?
The moral development in Gilligan’s theory are based on pro-social behaviors such as Altruism, caring and helping and the traits such as honesty, fairness and respect.
What are the stages of Gilligan’s theory?
Gilligan’s theory focused on both care-based morality and justice-based morality by proposing three stages of moral development: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional.
What are the 3 basic levels of moral thinking?
The three levels of moral reasoning include preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. By using children’s responses to a series of moral dilemmas, Kohlberg established that the reasoning behind the decision was a greater indication of moral development than the actual answer.
What is Carol Gilligan known for?
Carol Gilligan, (born November 28, 1936, New York, New York, U.S.), American developmental psychologist best known for her research into the moral development of girls and women. Meet extraordinary women who dared to bring gender equality and other issues to the forefront.
How does Carol Gilligan differentiate between female and male morality?
According to Gilligan, the male voice emphasizes independence (“separation”) and responsibility for oneself, whereas the female voice emphasizes interdependence (“connection”) and responsibility to others. Males are encouraged to be active agents, females to be passive recipients.
What were the main elements of Carol Gilligan’s argument for care ethics?
An ethics of care directs our attention to the need for responsiveness in relationships (paying attention, listening, responding) and to the costs of losing connection with oneself or with others. Its logic is inductive, contextual, psychological, rather than deductive or mathematical.
What did Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg for?
Why was Carol Gilligan critical of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development? Gilligan criticized Kohlberg because his theory was based on the responses of upper class White men and boys, arguing that it was biased against women.
What is the theory of Kohlberg?
Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is a theory that focuses on how children develop morality and moral reasoning. Kohlberg’s theory suggests that moral development occurs in a series of six stages. The theory also suggests that moral logic is primarily focused on seeking and maintaining justice.
What are the 5 stages of moral development?
Introduction.
How does Gilligan describe the best moral theory?
Her best-known contribution to psychology is her adaptation of Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. Gilligan’s work on moral development outlines how a woman’s morality is influenced by relationships and how women form their moral and ethical foundation based on how their decisions will affect others.
Why did Gilligan criticized Kohlberg’s theory?
Gilligan criticized Kohlberg because his theory was based on the responses of upper class White men and boys, arguing that it was biased against women.
How did Carol Gilligan come up with her theory?
When researching morality and human development, Gilligan discovered that women tended to score lower on the scales of morality compared to men. Not agreeing with the idea that women were morally inferior to men, she began a process of interviewing women while they had to make difficult decisions in their lives.
How does Gilligan’s ethics of care affect women?
Given these gender differences, Gilligan proposed that women don’t stop developing morally at lower levels than men, but that women’s moral development simply continues along a different trajectory than the ethics of justice measured by Kohlberg’s scale. Gilligan outlined her own stages of moral development based on an ethics of care.
How is moral development based on Gilligan’s theory?
The moral development in Gilligan’s theory are based on pro-social behaviors such as Altruism, caring and helping and the traits such as honesty, fairness and respect. A person in this stage cares for oneself to ensure survival.
What was the post conventional stage of Gilligan’s thinking?
Post-conventional stage: a woman has learned to see herself and others as interdependent. Gilligan developed her thinking in response to the stages of moral development outlined by Lawrence Kohlberg, which Gilligan claimed were gender-biased and emphasized an ethics of justice.