What is the function of the heart in biology?
The four main functions of the heart are: Pumping oxygenated blood to the other body parts. Pumping hormones and other vital substances to different parts of the body. Receiving deoxygenated blood and carrying metabolic waste products from the body and pumping it to the lungs for oxygenation.
What is the cardiac cycle biology A level?
The cardiac cycle is a coordinated sequence of contractions and relaxations by the heart muscle which causes blood to move from the atria, into the ventricles and then the arteries. Muscle contractions are referred to as systole and relaxation is referred to as diastole.
What is the structure and function of heart?
The structure of the heart The heart is a large muscular pump and is divided into two halves – the right-hand side and the left-hand side. The right-hand side of the heart is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The left-hand side pumps oxygenated blood around the body.
What is heart in biology?
3932. Anatomical terminology. The heart is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the body, while carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to the lungs.
What is coronary heart disease biology?
In coronary heart disease, the blood vessels to the heart are narrowed, putting the heart under stress. In the long term this can cause angina, a form of chest pain. When the blood supply to part of the wall of the heart becomes completely blocked, the result is a sudden and potentially fatal heart attack.
How do the heart work a level biology?
The heart is divided into four chambers consisting of two atria and two ventricles; the atria receive blood, while the ventricles pump blood. The right atrium receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavas and the coronary sinus; blood then moves to the right ventricle where it is pumped to the lungs.
How does the heartbeat a level?
The impulse starts in a small bundle of specialized cells located in the right atrium, called the SA node. The electrical activity spreads through the walls of the atria and causes them to contract. This forces blood into the ventricles. The SA node sets the rate and rhythm of your heartbeat.
What is heart Short answer?
The heart is an organ that beats continuously to act as a pump for the transport of blood, which carries other substances with it. The heart pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation and receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. It pumps the oxygenated blood to different parts of the body.
How does blood flow through the heart a level biology?
Blood is pumped from veins of the systemic circuit into the right atrium of the heart, then into the right ventricle. Blood then enters the pulmonary circuit and is oxygenated by the lungs. From the pulmonary circuit, blood re-enters the heart through the left atrium.
What is the heart’s scientific name?
The heart muscle, or cardiac muscle, is medically called the myocardium (“myo-” being the prefix denoting muscle).
Which is the upper and lower chambers of the heart?
The two atria (auricles): these are the upper two chambers. They have thin walls which receive blood from veins. The two ventricles: these are the lower two chambers. They have thick, muscular walls which pump blood through the arteries.
Where does the heart beat start in the human body?
A heart beat starts off at the region of tissue called the sinoatrial node (SAN) which is located above the right atrium. The SAN acts as the hearts pacemaker and ensures the heart is beating at a constant regular rate.
Where does the blood go during the cardiac cycle?
Ventricular systole is where the ventricles chambers contract and forces the blood up and out of the heart and into the arteries Diastole is where all four chambers in the heart relax and re-fill with blood SAN causes the atria to contract and the AVN causes a delay before the ventricles contract
What is the role of the AVN in the cardiac cycle?
The role of the AVN is to pass the electrical signal to the middle of the heart also known as the septum. There is also a delay in the electrical pulse at the AVN (between the atria and ventricles contracting) which allows the atria to fully empty before the ventricles control.